No Exit by Jean Paul Sartre: Where to Find and Enjoy the Free EPUB Edition of the Classic Play
No Exit by Jean Paul Sartre: A Review of the Classic Existentialist Play
If you are looking for a thought-provoking and challenging read, you might want to check out No Exit by Jean Paul Sartre. This one-act play, first performed in Paris in 1944, is a masterpiece of existentialist literature that explores the nature of human freedom, responsibility, and relationships. In this article, we will review the plot, the themes, and the significance of No Exit, as well as show you how to read it in EPUB format for free.
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Introduction
What is No Exit about?
No Exit is a play that depicts the afterlife of three characters who are trapped in a room together for eternity. They are Garcin, a journalist who betrayed his wife and was shot by a firing squad; Inez, a lesbian postal clerk who seduced her cousin's wife and caused their deaths; and Estelle, a socialite who cheated on her husband and killed her illegitimate child. They soon realize that they have been placed together as a form of torture, as each one represents the worst nightmare for the others. They try to escape, to deceive, to seduce, and to manipulate each other, but they fail miserably. They are condemned to suffer each other's presence and judgment forever.
Who was Jean Paul Sartre and what is existentialism?
Jean Paul Sartre was a French philosopher, writer, and activist who lived from 1905 to 1980. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century and the founder of existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes the freedom and responsibility of human beings to create their own meaning and values in a world that has no inherent purpose or order. Sartre's works explore themes such as freedom, choice, authenticity, bad faith, alienation, anxiety, death, and absurdity.
Why is No Exit relevant today?
No Exit is relevant today because it challenges us to confront our own existence and choices. It shows us how we can be trapped by our own self-deceptions, fears, and expectations. It also shows us how we can be influenced by other people's opinions and judgments. It invites us to question our own values and motives, and to take responsibility for our actions and their consequences. It also encourages us to live authentically, according to our own true selves, rather than conforming to social norms or external pressures.
Summary and Analysis of No Exit
The Setting and the Characters
The play takes place in a drawing room furnished in Second Empire style, with no windows, mirrors, or clocks. There is only one door that leads to the outside world, but it is locked. There are three sofas for the three characters, and a bronze statue on the mantelpiece. The room is constantly lit by a bright light that never dims. The characters are dressed in the clothes they died in, and they do not sleep, eat, or drink. They also do not age, bleed, or feel physical pain. They are, however, subject to psychological pain and emotional distress.
The Plot and the Themes
The play begins with Garcin entering the room, accompanied by a Valet who works for the management of hell. Garcin is surprised by the lack of torture devices and fire in the room, and he asks the Valet to leave him a toothbrush or a razor blade. The Valet refuses, and tells him that he will never see him again. He also tells him that there is no way out of the room, and that he should get used to it. He then leaves and locks the door behind him.
Soon after, Inez enters the room, followed by Estelle. They introduce themselves to each other, and they try to figure out why they are in hell and what they have done wrong. They also try to guess what their torturers will do to them, and they hope that they will not be too cruel. They soon realize that they are each other's torturers, as they are incompatible and antagonistic to each other. They also realize that they cannot escape each other's gaze, as there are no mirrors or darkness in the room. They are forced to see themselves as the others see them, and to face their own flaws and sins.
The play then unfolds as a series of dialogues and monologues, in which the characters reveal their past lives, their crimes, their regrets, and their desires. They also attempt to influence, deceive, seduce, and manipulate each other, but they fail miserably. They are constantly at odds with each other, and they expose each other's weaknesses and lies. They also try to justify their actions and to seek validation from each other, but they only receive condemnation and mockery. They are trapped in a cycle of conflict and frustration, with no hope of redemption or relief.
The play ends with Garcin trying to open the door, but finding it locked. He then asks Inez and Estelle if they think he is a coward for deserting his country during a war. Inez says yes, while Estelle says no. Garcin then says that he does not care about Inez's opinion, but he needs Estelle's approval. He tries to kiss her, but she rejects him because she is disgusted by his face. She then turns to Inez, who has been trying to seduce her throughout the play. Inez says that she loves her, but Estelle says that she hates her. Garcin then says that they are all cowards and liars, and that they deserve each other. He then declares that he will stay in the room with them forever, even if the door opens. He says that he will never give up on trying to convince them that he is not a coward. He then repeats his famous line: "Hell is other people". The play ends with the three characters laughing hysterically.
The Famous Quote: "Hell is other people"
The most famous quote from No Exit is "Hell is other people", which Garcin says at the end of the play. This quote has been widely interpreted and misinterpreted by many people over the years. Some people think that it means that Sartre hated people or that he was a misanthrope. Others think that it means that other people are annoying or evil or that we should avoid them at all costs.
However, these interpretations are not accurate or faithful to Sartre's philosophy. What Sartre meant by this quote is that hell is not a place where we are physically tortured by fire or demons, but rather a state of mind where we are psychologically tortured by our own self-image and by the judgments of others. He meant that we can be trapped by our own bad faith and by our dependence on other people's opinions for our sense of identity and value. He meant that we can lose our freedom and authenticity by conforming to social norms or external pressures.
Sartre did not mean that we should hate or avoid other people altogether. He actually believed that human relationships are essential for our existence and our morality. He believed that we can only define ourselves in relation to others, and that we have a responsibility towards them. He believed that we can only be free if we respect the freedom of others, and that we can only be authentic if we act in good faith towards ourselves and others.
How to Read No Exit in EPUB Format
What is EPUB and why is it better than PDF?
EPUB is a file format for digital books that stands for Electronic PUBlication. It is an open standard that can be 71b2f0854b